The application of music therapy in special groups: a positive impact on the quality of life

Abstract

Music therapy is increasingly acknowledged as a non-pharmacological approach that fosters emotional, cognitive, and social development in individuals with special needs. However, existing research often faces limitations such as small sample sizes, short program durations, and limited participant diversity, which restrict the generalization of findings. To address these challenges, the present research evaluates the effectiveness of a structured ten-week music therapy program aimed at improving the overall quality of life in three participant groups: individuals with physical disabilities, cognitive impairments, and psychological disorders. The primary objective of this research is to determine how music therapy influences emotional well-being, cognitive stimulation, social interaction, and self-perception. A total of seventy-five participants (n = 75) were recruited from rehabilitation centers, community organizations, and mental health facilities The intervention included rhythmic exercises, singing, instrumental play, and guided improvisation. Data were collected through a five-point Likert-scale questionnaire and facilitator observations conducted before and after the program. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS, Version 29.0. Paired-sample t-tests and repeated measures analysis of variance were used to examine both within group and between-group differences. The results revealed significant improvements in emotional well-being (p < 0.05) and social engagement (p < 0.01), with moderate increases in cognitive stimulation. Participants reported a fifteen to twenty-five percent increase in life satisfaction, demonstrating the holistic effect of music therapy. In conclusion, the study confirms that structured music therapy programs are effective, inclusive, and evidence-based interventions that promote emotional expression, social connection, and overall life satisfaction among individuals with special needs.