Factors Associated with Maternal Behavior in Nutritional Parenting of Toddlers in Karangasem Regency
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56294/hl2025744Keywords:
maternal behavior, toddler nutrition, Health Belief Model, self-efficacy, parenting, stuntingAbstract
Introduction
Toddlerhood is a critical period for growth, and inadequate nutrition during this stage may lead to stunting and developmental delays. This study aimed to analyze factors associated with maternal nutrition behavior using the Health Belief Model (HBM) framework.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Kesimpar Village, Karangasem, Bali, involving 60 mothers with toddlers using total sampling. Data were collected through structured questionnaires measuring six HBM constructs: perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy. Maternal behavior in nutritional parenting was the dependent variable. Data were analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation test.
Results
The majority of mothers had high perceived susceptibility (95%) and moderate perceived severity (98%), yet no significant associations were found for these constructs (p = 0.135 and p = 0.534, respectively). Perceived benefits (p = 0.012), perceived barriers (p = 0.018), and self-efficacy (p = 0.000) were significantly associated with maternal behavior. Mothers with strong beliefs in the benefits of proper nutrition, low perceived barriers, and higher self-efficacy demonstrated better feeding practices.
Conclusions
Maternal nutrition behavior is influenced more by belief in benefits, perceived barriers, and self-efficacy than by perceived risk or external cues. Interventions should emphasize empowering mothers through practical support and confidence-building strategies to improve toddler nutrition.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Ni Ketut Ayu Mirayanti, Ni Ketut Citrawati, Ika Setya Purwanti, Ni Kadek Yuni Lestari, Ni Luh Gede Intan Saraswati, Moh. Fairuz Abadi, Diah Prihatiningsih, Ni Kadek Muliawati, I Gusti Ayu Putu Satya Laksmi, Ni Wayan Suniyadewi, Ni Komang Ayu Resiyanthi, Niken Ayu Merna Eka Sari, Ni Luh Putu Dewi Puspawati (Author)
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